Codeine

Uses of Codeine

Codeine is commonly used to treat Diarrhea, Dry Cough, Moderate To Severe Pain, Pain Relief, Severe Acute Pain

How Codeine Works

Codeine works by binding to opioid receptors in the central nervous system thus preventing the pain stimulus in the ascending pathways. It also works to suppress the cough reflex in the medulla.

Side Effects of Codeine

Low blood pressure, Constipation, Dizziness, Headache, Vertigo, Confusion, Blurred vision, Sexual dysfunction, Urinary retention, Nausea

Warnings

Kidney High Risk

Dosage adjustment is needed in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment and is contraindicated to be used in patients with severe renal impairment.

Alcohol Not Advisable

Codeine and alcohol consumption may worsen the effects on the central nervous system as their adverse reactions may be compounded.

Pregnancy Not Safe

Codeine crosses placenta in a small amount and due to its potential toxicity and effects on the fetal development and respiratory depression, it is not advisable to use Codeine in pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the risks,

Driving Not advisable

It is not advisable to drive when taking Codeine due to its potential side effects such as headache and dizziness which can affect the ability to drive and concentrate.

Liver Use With Care

Dosage adjustment is needed in patient with mild to moderate hepatic impairment while it is contraindicated to be used in severe hepatic impaired patients and with intramuscular injection in patient with mild to moderate hepatic impairment.

Lactation Not Advisable

Codeine may be found in human breastmilk and due to its potential toxicity and adverse effects on the infant, it is contraindicated to be used during breastfeeding.

Frequently Asked Questions

Written by , MD (Universiti Hasanuddin, Indonesia)

Reviewed by Dr Nur Syuhada binti Zulkifli, MD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).