Sitagliptin
Uses of Sitagliptin
Sitagliptin is commonly used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
How Sitagliptin Works
Sitagliptin is classified as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor. It inhibits DPP-4 enzyme to prolong active incretin levels. Incretin helps to regulate glucose homeostasis by increasing insulin synthesis and decreasing glucagon secretion in the pancreas which in turn lead to a reduction of HbA1c and achieve blood glucose control.
Side Effects of Sitagliptin
Headache, Dizziness, GI disturbances, Upper respiratory tract infection, Hypoglycaemia, Joint/Muscle ache
Warnings
Kidney Use With Care
No dose adjustment is needed for mild renal impairment patients. However, if the glomerular filtration rate is lower than 60 mL/min, dose adjustment may be needed. Please consult your doctor.
Alcohol Not Advisable
It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Sitagliptin. Alcohol can affect the blood sugar level therefore either hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia can occur. Furthermore, it can affect the pancreas which is the site of Sitagliptin production, which in turn worsen the diabetic control.
Pregnancy Maybe Safe
Animal studies have shown the toxic effects at high doses on the foetuses. Due to the lack of human data, it is not recommended to use during pregnancy. Thus, please consult your doctor for more details.
Driving Generally Safe
Sitagliptin usually does not affect the ability to drive. Do not drive unless you are feeling well.
Liver Limited Data
No dose adjustments needed in mild to moderate liver impairment whereas there are no studies on Sitagliptin use in severe liver impairment. However, Sitagliptin is primarily eliminated in the kidneys, so it is effects on severe liver impairment are expected to be safe.
Lactation Limited Data
No academic reports explaining the use of Sitagliptin during human lactation are available at the moment. Hence it is recommended to not use during breastfeeding.