Clozapine
Uses of Clozapine
Clozapine is commonly used to treat Mania, Schizophrenia, Psychosis in Parkinson Disease and Suicidal Behaviour in Schizophrenia
How Clozapine Works
Clozapine works by inhibiting the dopamine D2 receptor and serotonin type 2A receptor which is effective in controlling symptoms in mania and schizophrenia.
Side Effects of Clozapine
Low blood pressure, Blackout, Seizure, Visual problem, Drooling of saliva, Urinary retention, Fast pulse, Dizziness, Insomnia, Headache
Warnings
Kidney High Risk
Dosage adjustment is needed in patients with mild to moderate renal impairment and is contraindicated to be used in patients with severe renal impairment.
Alcohol Not Advisable
Clozapine and alcohol consumption may worsen the effects on the central nervous system as their adverse reactions may be compounded.
Pregnancy Maybe Safe
Animal reproductive studies did not suggest any harm on Clozapine use but reports from human studies especially on the use of Clozapine on the third trimester suggest some risk to the neonates. Careful monitoring by specialists is advisable.
Driving Not advisable
It is not advisable to drive when taking Clozapine due to its potential side effects such as headache and dizziness which can affect the ability to drive and concentrate.
Liver Use With Care
Dosage adjustment is needed in patient with mild to moderate hepatic impairment while it is contraindicated to be used in severe hepatic impaired patients.
Lactation Not Advisable
Clozapine has been found in breastmilk according to animal studies and due to its potential serious side effects on the infant, it is not advisable to be used during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Written by Dr Sri Viknarajan, MD (Universiti Hasanuddin, Indonesia)
Reviewed by Dr Nur Syuhada binti Zulkifli, MD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).
