Human Insulin

Uses of Human Insulin

Insulin is commonly used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus Type 1 & Type 2 and diabetic ketoacidosis.

How Human Insulin Works

Insulin controls the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, and fat by inhibiting glucose production in the liver and lipolysis, as well as enhancing the removal of peripheral glucose.

Side Effects of Human Insulin

Hypoglycemia, Blurred vision, Insulin resistance, Hypokalemia, Lipodystrophy, Injection site reactions, Edema, Urticaria, Rash

Warnings

Kidney Use With Care

In patients with renal impairment, intense monitoring of blood glucose is required and the Human Insulin dose is to be modified based on individual need. The Human Insulin requirement for patients with renal impairment may also be reduced because of the disease.

Alcohol Not Advisable

It is not advisable to drink alcohol with Human Insulin as alcohol may affect blood glucose levels, both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia can occur. It is best to drink alcohol in moderation for diabetic patient.

Pregnancy Maybe Safe

Animal studies failed to show that there is a risk to the fetus and there are no well-controlled human studies among pregnant women. Human Insulin does not pass through the placenta thus, it can be used during pregnancy. Poorly controlled diabetes may cause hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia which can increase the risk of malformations and death in utero. Throughout pregnancy, it is important to control the blood glucose strictly and monitor pregnant women with diabetes closely.

Driving Generally Safe

It is generally safe to drive while on Human Insulin treatment. However, patients who have reduced or absent awareness of warning signs of hypoglycemia or frequent episodes of hypoglycemia must take precautions while driving. It is best to avoid since hypoglycemia may impair the ability to concentrate and react while driving.

Liver Safe If Prescribed

In patients with liver impairment, intense monitoring of blood glucose is required and the Human Insulin dose is to be modified based on individual need. The Human Insulin requirement for patients with liver impairment may also be reduced because of the disease.

Lactation Safe If Prescribed

It is safe to use Human Insulin while breastfeeding as there is no risk to the baby. However, the short-acting Human Insulin's dose must be adjusted.

Written by , MD (Universiti Hasanuddin, Indonesia)

Reviewed by Dr Nur Syuhada binti Zulkifli, MD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).