Metronidazole
Uses of Metronidazole
Metronidazole is commonly used as prophylaxis of postoperative anaerobic bacterial infections and in the treatment of bacterial infections, bacterial skin infections, diarrhea, Eradication of H. pylori associated with peptic ulcer disease, leg ulcers and pressure sores, and parasitic Infections
How Metronidazole Works
Metronidazole is an Antibiotic which interacts with DNA causing disruption of the helical DNA structure. Its mechanism of action will lead to inhibition of protein synthesis and cell death. It is very effective against most of the anaerobic protozoa, some species of gram-positive, negatives and facultative anaerobes.
Side Effects of Metronidazole
Allergic, Dizziness, headache, stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, diarrhea, constipation, or metallic taste in your mouth, Urine color change, Fungal or bacterial super infection, Unsteadiness, seizures, mental/mood changes (such as confusion), Trouble speaking, Numbness/tingling of limbs, Eye pain, sudden vision changes, Headache, Stiff neck.
Warnings
Kidney Use With Care
Metronidazolee elimination rate is not affected by kidney disease but effect of accumulation of its metabolites in the body is largely unknown. Please inform your doctor beforehand if you have any underlying kidney disease before using it.
Alcohol Not Advisable
It is unsafe to consume alcohol with Metronidazolee. Taking Metronidazole with alcohol may cause a disulfiram-like reaction.
Pregnancy Maybe Safe
Metronidazolee has been used extensively without ill consequences. Animal studies have not shown adverse effects on the fetus, however, there are limited human studies. The benefits from use in pregnant women may outweigh the risk. Please consult your doctor before using it.
Driving Not advisable
Do not drive unless you are feeling well. Metronidazolee may cause side effects such as dizziness, visual or neurological disturbances, all of which could affect the ability to concentrate and drive.
Liver Limited Data
Dose adjustment for Metronidazole is required in patients with hepatic impairment as its metabolism is mainly in the liver.
Lactation Limited Data
It is found that Metronidazolee is excreted in very little quantities in breast milk and not adequate to cause harmful effects. However, it is advisable to practice caution while taking Metronidazolee during breastfeeding.
Frequently Asked Questions
Written by Dr Sri Viknarajan, MD (Universiti Hasanuddin, Indonesia)
Reviewed by Dr Nur Syuhada binti Zulkifli, MD, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM).
